Computer Networking

Today we learnt about Computer Networking. Actually, computer networking plays an important role in our daily life. It is because computers now are extremely important in the modern world of today. In the fast moving life of the modern world of today, computers hold tremendous significance. Hence, the importance of computers cannot be denied. However, to overcome the obstacles in an effective usage of information, computer networks are necessary.

Well, Dr. Dayang started the lesson by explaining briefly about the definition of computer network. Computer Network is a collection of computers and other hardware devices that are connected together to share hardware, software and data as well as to communicate with one another. 

Table below shows the different network classification. 

LAN (Local Area Network)	MAN (Metropolitan  Area Networks)	WAN (Wide Area Network)	PAN (Personal Area Networks)
·         Covers relatively small geographical area ·         eg. home, school, office	·         Network design to service a metropolitan area ·         e.g. a city . ·         Consist of multiple LAN ·         Size between LAN and WAN	·         Covers large geographical area ·         Consists of two or more LAN connected together using communications technology ·         eg. Internet is the largest WAN	·         Network of personal devices ·         eg. printer, mobile devices, etc. ·         Wired or wireless

Network Electronic Devices

Network Electronic Devices	Functions
Routers	·         A device that determines where to send a data packet between at least two networks. ·         A router maintains a table of the available routes and their conditions. ·         It uses this table together with distance and cost algorithms to determine the best route for a given data packet. Data packets often travel through a number of networks and routers before arriving at their destination.
Bridge	·         A combination of hardware and software to link two similar networks. ·         It often connects LANs that use the same protocol, such as Ethernet. ·         A bridge examines each data packet on a LAN and forwards any data packets addressed to a connected LAN.
Hub	·         A central connecting device in a network. ·         Data arrives at the hub from one or more devices and is forwarded out using just one cable. ·         For example, four cables from three computers and a printer are connected to a hub and then a single cable connects the hub to a server.
Gateway	·         A combination of hardware and software to link two different types of networks. ·         This usually involves converting different protocols. ·         For example, a gateway could be used to convert a TCP/IP packet to a NetWare IPX packet.

Bridges are faster than routers because they connect networks that are using the same protocol.

Little Reflection of the day♥
After the lesson, I wondered what the world of computer will be without computer networks. Networking is a very vital and delicate area in computing. Computer networks provide communication possibilities faster than other facilities. 

Computer networks will help every organization to reduce cost by sharing hardware and software resources, reduce cost and increase flexibility and efficiency of any given organization. 

Enjoy the cartoon about computer network!

It's all about DATA TRANSMISSION

It's a new week again! Time to update my blog after my Telecommunication & Networking class. Well, today we learnt about data communication.

Data Communication is the collection and distribution of the electronic representation of information FROM and TO remote facilities by means of electrical transmission system.

For example, telephone lines, satellites or coaxial cable.

The structures of Coxial Cable

Data can be on a variety of styles: text, pic, etc

All this type of info needs to be CONVERTED into signal that can be understood by the communication media in order to transmit the data.

Types of signal : Analogue signal & Digital signal

Digital signal

Transmission of binary electrical/light pulses that only have to possible states 0 and 1 = this is the language of computers (represent of a square wave). 

•      The process of changing ANALOGUE to DIGITAL signal = Modulation

•       The process of changing DIGITAL to ANALOGUE signal = Demodulation

•       Hardware that used in computer to do this process----> Modem

Table below shows the binary digit

Next, we proceeded to the data transmission mode.

It can be divided into serial transmission and parallel transmission.

In short, serial transmission transmits all the bits one after another on a single line. This style is a bit slower compared to parallel transmission. However, in parallel transmission, a group of bits is transmitted simultaneously by using a separate line for each bit. 

The figure below show the two types of serial transmission mode. 

In asynchronous transmission, a groups of bits can be sent at any time and receiver never knows when they will arrive. 

Flow of data

Little Reflection of the day♥

After the lesson, I understand that the importance and how useful the transmission of data in our daily life. Unfortunately, the transmission of information via the Internet is not completely secure. Any transmission is at your own risk. So it is important for us to do our best to protect our own personal data.  

Last but not least, I would like to share an awesome video with you all =) Let's enjoy!! ♥

My First Post

It’s the first day of March, beginning of a new month. Yohooo!!! *excited* Wondering why? It’s because I’m going back to my sweet home next month. Time flies. Just imagine that there are your loved ones with open arms welcoming you home. In those moments, we can really find that happiness ♥

                F.A.M.I.L.Y----->Father and Mother I ♥ you 

Okay, back to the topic. Yeah, I’m blogging now!! *can’t imagine* Hahaha!! People used to express their thoughts and opinions through blogging. Some wishes to connect with people like you. Yes, 'you' I mean. People who loves to blog like you! Hahaha!

     However.....

Unfortunately, I’m not among the above categories. LOL. Our lecturer wanted us to create our own blog to write down our own self-reflection. To me, it’s totally a new experience! 

Yesterday we had our first lecture of Telecommunication & Networking. Well, it’s just an introduction. 

Firstly, Dr. Dayang gave us a simple example regarding communication. Talking to tree is not a kind of communication. Communication is a 2 way interaction between the sender and the receiver.

Generally, Communication is imparting, conveying, exchanging of thoughts, messages, ideas, knowledge and information by sign and sounds like speech, signals, writing or behavior between 2 or more parties. the communication model. 

Telecommunication whereby is meant by communication over a long distance. 

Proceed to the SIX elements of computer & communication technology. 

PEOPLE is the most important elements in communication. Peopleware builds, analyses and develops the system.

                                           High-tech baby ^^ 

People involved including: 

1. Professional (gone true specialized training & technical aspects)–programmer, computer engineer 

2. End user (those who only knows how to use without special training in the field)–clerks, teachers and me :$ 

PROCEDURE is an ordered set of tasks for performing some action. DATA is fundamentally any information of interest, but these days, the word data implies a binary, machine (readable representation of information)


HARDWARE refers to any physical objects that are part of the computer system . 

The 5 categories of ICT equipments/devices: 

• Input 

• Process

• Output

• Storage

• Communication 

Instructions that controls the functioning of the computer is called SOFTWARE.

2 types of software : 

 1. system software

 2. application software 

Lastly, COMMUNICATION is the transmission of data. It can be converted from analog to digital and vice versa. Ended my summary of the lesson^^ 

My little reflection of the day ♥

Dr. Dayang’s sense of humor can relieve tense class situation. I find the class more enjoyable and I’m looking forward to attend and pay attention. 

Dr. Dayang knows how to make learning fun. A fun learning experience is a memorable one. This kind of positive learning environment creates a harmony atmosphere which enables every student to adapt in it.